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Arithmetical Tables




Numeration Table
Units                                               1
Tens                                              12
Hundreds                                    123
Thousands                                1,234
Tens of thousands                   12,345
Hundreds of thousands         123,456
Millions                                1,234,567
C. of Millions                   123,456,789

Avoirdupois Weights
For all Goods except Gold, Silver & Jewels
16 Drams    1 ounce                   oz.
16 Ounces  1 pound                    lb.
14 Pounds  1 stone                       st.
28 Pounds  1 quarter                   qr.
4 Quarters  1 hundredweight    cwt.
20 Cwt.      1 ton                          tn.

Imperial Dry Measure

       Avoird of Water  -               lb. oz.
2 Glasses   1 noggin =     0  5
4 Noggins  1 pint      =     1  4
2 Pints        1 quart    =     2  8
4 Quarts    1 gallon  =    10  0
2 Gallons   1 peck    =    20  0
4 Pecks      1 bushel  =    80  0
8 Bushels    1 quarter =  640  0

Sterling Money Table
  4 Farthings                   1 penny    d.
12 Pence                       1 shilling   s.
  2 Shillings                     1 florin
  2 Shillings & sixpence   1 Halfcrown
  5 Shillings                     1 Crown   cr.
10 Shillings                     1 half sov.
20 Shillings, 1 sov or      1 pound    £
21 Shillings                     1 guinea

Hay and Straw Weight
36 lb. Straw          1 truss
56 lb. Old Hay      1 truss
60 lb. New Hay    1 truss
36 trusses              1 load

Cloth Measure
2¼ inches   1 nail
4 Nails        1 quarter of a yard
4 Quarters  1 yard

Square Measure
144 Square in.         1 square foot
    9 Square feet      1 square yard
  30¼ Square yards  1 square pole
  10 Square poles     1 rood
    4 Roods               1 acre

Arithmetical Signs
+      Plus ; sign of addition
-       Minus ; sign of subtraction
X      Sign of multiplication
÷      Sign of division
=      Sign of equality
: :: :  Sign of proportion
√      Sign of the square root
³√     Sign of the cube root
°       Degree 2 minute  3 second
∴     Therefore

Solid or Cubic Measure
1,728 cubic inches  1 cubic foot
     27  cubic feet     1 cubic yard
     24¾ cubic feet   1 solid perch
                                  mason's work
     12 ⅜ cubic feet  1 solid perch
                                   brickwork   

Table of Motion
603 Seconds        1 minute
602 Minute           1 degree
30° Degrees         1 sign
12  Signs or 360°   the circle
                              of the earth

Troy Weight
For Gold Silver and Jewels
24 Grains        1 pennyworth dwt.
20 Pennyweights  1 ounce       oz.
12 Ounces            1 Pound        lb.

Long or Lineal Measure
12 Lines    1 inch                   in.
12 Inches  1 foot                   ft.
  3 Feet     1 yard                  yd.
  2 Yard     1 fathom               f.
  5½ Yards 1 pole
40 Poles    1 furlong             fur.
  8 Furlongs or 1760 yds.   1 mile


Table of Time
  60 Seconds         1 minute
  60 Minutes          1 hour
  24 Hours              1 day
    7 Days               1 week
    4 Weeks            1 month
365 Days               1 year
366 Days               1 leap year
  52 Weeks            1 year
  12 Calendar or
  13 Lunar months 1 Year

Apothecaries' Weight
For Mixing Medicines
20 Grains     1 Scruple scr.
  3 Scruples  1 dram    dr.
  8 Drams    1 ounce   oz.
12 Ounces   1 pound   lb

Imperial Heaped Measure

Avoird of Water - Lbs.
  8 Gallons  1 Bushel   =     80
  3 Bushels   1 sack      =   240
12 Sacks     1 caldron =  2880

Days in the Month
Thirty days has September,
April June and November,
All the rest have thirty-one,
Excepting February alone,
Which has but twenty-eight days
    clear,
And Twenty-nine in each leap year.

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